9 V.S.A. § ___ § 4506

Enforcement; civil action; retaliation prohibited

In Force
Verified 10/18/2026 · Next check 11/17/2026
effective 10/18/2026VermontRetaliation Protections

Operative Text

9 V.S.A. § ___ § 4506
(a) A person aggrieved by a violation of this chapter may file a charge of discrimination with the Human Rights Commission pursuant to chapter 141 of this title or may bring an action for injunctive relief and compensatory and punitive damages and any other appropriate relief in the Superior Court of the county in which the violation is alleged to have occurred.

(b) The court may award costs and reasonable attorney’s fees to an aggrieved person who prevails in an action brought under subsection (a) of this section.

(c) The Human Rights Commission may bring an action in the name of the Commission to enforce the provisions of this chapter in accordance with its powers established in chapter 141 of this title.

(d) The initiation or completion of an investigation by the Human Rights Commission shall not be a condition precedent to the filing of any lawsuit for violation of this chapter.

(e) A person shall not coerce, threaten, interfere, or otherwise discriminate against any individual who:

(1) has opposed any act or practice that is prohibited under section 4502 or 4503 of this title;

(2) has lodged a complaint or has testified, assisted, or participated in any manner with the Human Rights Commission in an investigation of acts or practices prohibited by this chapter;

(3) is known by the person to be about to lodge a complaint, testify, assist, or participate in any manner in an investigation of acts or practices prohibited by this chapter;

(4) is exercising or enjoying a right granted or protected by this chapter; or

(5) is believed by the person to have acted as described in subdivisions (1) through (4) of this subsection. (Added 1987, No. 74, § 1; amended 1987, No. 253 (Adj. Sess.), § 4; 1989, No. 89, § 4; 2013, No. 31, § 12; 2015, No. 9, § 2, eff. April 16, 2015; 2021, No. 20, § 44.)
Source: Legislative text reproduced verbatim
Plain English

Under 9 V.S.A. ch. 139 § 4506, individuals who experience housing discrimination prohibited by this chapter have two primary avenues for seeking relief: filing a charge with the Vermont Human Rights Commission or bringing a civil lawsuit in Superior Court for injunctive relief, compensatory damages, and punitive damages. Importantly, a person does not need to wait for the Human Rights Commission to complete or even begin an investigation before filing a lawsuit. The provision also prohibits anyone from retaliating against or interfering with a person who has opposed discriminatory practices, filed a complaint, participated in an investigation, or exercised rights protected under this chapter.

Written by anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.6 · Reviewed on October 18, 2026

Plain English — not legal advice.

For Property Managers

Property owners and managers subject to 9 V.S.A. ch. 139 § 4506 should be aware that compliant operators refrain from any conduct that could be construed as coercion, threats, or interference directed at tenants or others who have raised fair housing concerns or participated in a Human Rights Commission investigation. A court finding a violation may award not only compensatory damages but also punitive damages and attorney's fees to a prevailing aggrieved party. Operators generally maintain clear, documented policies that ensure no adverse action is taken against anyone for exercising rights under this chapter.

General guidance for property managers — not legal advice for your specific situation. Consult an attorney for advice on your case.

For Tenants

Under 9 V.S.A. ch. 139 § 4506, tenants who believe they have experienced housing discrimination have the option of filing a charge with the Vermont Human Rights Commission, filing a civil lawsuit in Superior Court, or pursuing both paths, since completing a Commission investigation is not required before going to court. A court may award costs and reasonable attorney's fees to a tenant who prevails in such an action. Additionally, this provision protects tenants from retaliation or interference for opposing discriminatory practices, lodging complaints, or participating in investigations — tenants who believe they have faced such retaliation may wish to consult a tenant-rights organization or legal aid provider to understand the options available to them.

General guidance for tenants — not legal advice for your specific situation. Consult a tenant-rights organization or attorney for advice on your case.

Generated October 18, 2026 — auto-generated, not yet human-reviewed. See /transparency for methodology.

Effective Timeline

Current
Oct 18, 2026
Click on timeline segments to view historical versions.

References Out

Rules and statutes cited by this regulation

References In

Rules and statutes that cite this regulation

9 V.S.A. § 4503
9 V.S.A. ch. 139
9 V.S.A. § 4503
9 V.S.A. ch. 139

Related Rules

§ 2A
Reprisal for reporting violations of law, for tenant's union activity, or actions taken pursuant to laws protecting tenants who are victims of domestic violence, rape, sexual assault or stalking; defense; presumption
§ 47a-20
(Formerly Sec. 19-375a). Retaliatory action by landlord prohibited.
§ 47a-20a
Actions deemed not retaliatory.

Source Information

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Fetched:Oct 18, 2026, 09:39 PM UTC