CVR 13-140-031 § 5
Sanitation Facilities
Operative Text
5.1 Kitchen Facilities: Every dwelling unit shall contain within the unit space to store, prepare and serve foods in a sanitary manner, including the presence of a kitchen sink. 5.2 Bathroom Facilities: 5.2.1 Every dwelling unit shall contain within the unit a flush toilet, sink and bathtub or shower located in a room or rooms separate from the habitable rooms and which affords privacy. 5.2.2 Shared Bathroom Facilities: The occupants of not more than two dwelling units which are located within the same dwelling may share bathroom facilities under the following circumstances: 5.2.2.1 Neither of the two dwelling units contains more than two habitable rooms. However, for the purpose of this section, a kitchen with not more than 60 square feet of floor area is not counted as a room: and 5.2.2.2 The habitable room area of each dwelling unit aggregates not more than 300 square feet: and 5.2.2.3 The toilet and sink are within a room separate from the habitable rooms, which affords privacy, and which is accessible to the occupants of each dwelling unit without going through the dwelling unit of another person or outside the dwelling; and 5.2.2.4 The bathtub or shower is within a room separate from the habitable rooms, which affords privacy, and which is accessible to the occupants of each dwelling unit without going through the dwelling unit of another person or outside the dwelling. 5.2.3 Rooming Houses: 5.2.3.1 Every rooming house shall be equipped with at least one toilet and one sink for each 10 persons and one bathtub or shower for each eight persons or fraction thereof living within the rooming house, including members of the immediate family of the owner if they share use of the facilities. 5.2.3.2 Every toilet, sink and bathtub or shower required by this section shall be located in a room or rooms which: afford privacy and are separate from the habitable rooms and are accessible from a common hall without going outside the rooming house and are not more than one story removed from the rooming unit of any occupant intended to share the facilities. 5.3 Non-absorbent Surfaces: The floor and counter surfaces of every bathroom and kitchen in dwelling units and rooming houses shall be constructed and maintained to be a smooth, non-corrosive, non-absorbent and waterproof covering. This shall not prohibit the use of carpeting for floors in kitchens and bathrooms, or the use of wood for floors in kitchens, provided the following qualifications are met: 5.3.1 Carpeting must contain a solid, nonabsorbent, water repellent backing which will prevent the passage of moisture through it to the floor below: and 5.3.2 Wood flooring must have a water-resistant finish and have no cracks to allow the accumulation of dirt and food, or the harborage of insects. 5.4 Water Supply/Wastewater Disposal: 5.4.1 Supply: Every rented mobile home lot shall have access to, and every dwelling unit or rooming house shall be connected to a supply of water sufficient in quantity and pressure to meet the ordinary needs of the occupant(s). 5.4.2 Potable Water: Water provided to a rented mobile home lot and to every kitchen sink, bathroom sink and bathtub or shower in a dwelling unit or rooming house shall be from a public water supply system that is monitored and regulated by the Water Supply Division of the Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation, or a private supply free from impurities in amounts sufficient to cause disease or harmful physiological effects as per Vermont Department of Health testing guidelines for private water supplies. Any health- based contaminant in a private water supply that is found to be elevated shall be treated to reduce levels to existing maximum contaminant levels (MCL) or Vermont Health Advisories where no MCL exists. 5.4.3 Hot Water: Every kitchen sink, lavatory sink, shower, and tub-shower combination shall be connected with water heating facilities in working order that are capable of safely heating an adequate yield of water. Shower and tub- shower combinations must be plumbed to be able to achieve a hot water temperature greater than or equal to 100°F and remain less than 120°F at the fixture. 5.4.4 Water Supply Deficiencies: Owners of dwellings, rooming houses and rented mobile home lots with short-term deficiencies in water quality or quantity must provide occupants with an alternate, adequate, and accessible supply of water for drinking and sanitation until a regular source of water is made available. 5.4.5 Sewage Disposal: Owners of rented mobile home lots shall provide hook- up to and owners of all dwellings and rooming houses shall connect all kitchen sinks, toilets, bathroom sinks, bathtubs, showers, washing machines and dishwashers to a public sewage system if available, or to a properly operating subsurface wastewater disposal system. Each wastewater disposal system shall be operated so that sewage does not back up into the dwelling, flow to the ground surface or directly into surface water. 5.4.6 Plumbing Connections: All plumbing systems shall be maintained in good repair. 5.5 Sanitary Conditions for Trash, Recyclables, and Food Scraps: 5.5.1 Facilities: 5.5.1.1 Trash, recyclables, and food scraps that are placed outside a dwelling or rooming house shall be stored in durable, cleanable receptacles. Receptacles for trash and food scrapes shall also be watertight and have properly fitting covers. 5.5.1.2 The owner of any dwelling or rooming house shall provide and maintain appropriate receptacles for the removal of trash, recyclables, and food scraps in accordance with 10 V.S.A. Ch. 159. 5.5.2 Collection of trash, recyclables, and food scraps: 5.5.2.1 The owner of any dwelling or rooming house shall assure that arrangements are made for the removal of trash, recyclables, and food scraps in accordance with 10 V.S.A. Ch. 159. 5.5.2.2 Trash, recyclables, and food scraps shall be removed from dwellings and rooming houses as often as is necessary to maintain a sanitary structure, not less than once every week. 5.5.3 Responsibilities: 5.5.3.1 Owner Responsibilities: The owner of every dwelling or rooming house shall be responsible for maintaining in a clean and sanitary condition free of trash, recyclables, and food scraps all common areas as well as any other part of the premises not used as a dwelling space. 5.5.3.2 Occupant Responsibilities: The occupant of every dwelling unit or rooming unit shall be responsible for maintaining in a clean and sanitary condition and free of trash, recyclables, and food scraps that part of the premises which he or she exclusively occupies.
CVR 13-140-031 § 5 establishes minimum sanitation standards for dwelling units, rooming houses, and rented mobile home lots in Vermont. Every unit must have dedicated kitchen facilities including a sink, and private bathroom facilities with a toilet, sink, and bathtub or shower — though limited shared arrangements are permitted under specific size and accessibility conditions. The provision also sets requirements for potable water, hot water temperature ranges, sewage disposal, plumbing maintenance, and the proper storage and removal of trash, recyclables, and food scraps at least weekly.
Plain English — not legal advice.
Under CVR 13-140-031 § 5, compliant property operators generally ensure that each dwelling unit contains a kitchen sink and private bathroom fixtures, and that any shared bathroom arrangements meet the strict size and accessibility criteria spelled out in § 5.2.2. Operators also maintain plumbing in good repair, verify that water supplies meet potability standards, confirm that hot water at showers and tubs stays within the 100°F–120°F range, and connect all applicable fixtures to an approved sewage disposal system. On the waste-management side, compliant operators provide appropriate receptacles, arrange for removal of trash, recyclables, and food scraps at least once per week, and keep all common areas clean and sanitary as required by § 5.5.3.1.
General guidance for property managers — not legal advice for your specific situation. Consult an attorney for advice on your case.
CVR 13-140-031 § 5 gives occupants the right to habitable sanitation conditions, including functioning private or properly shared bathroom facilities, safe and adequate water supply, working hot water, and maintained plumbing and sewage systems. If a rental unit lacks these conditions — for example, if plumbing is in disrepair, water quality is compromised, or trash removal is not arranged — tenants may have grounds to raise a violation under this provision. General enforcement paths can include filing a complaint with the relevant Vermont housing or health authority, raising the violation as a defense in a housing proceeding, or contacting a local tenant-rights organization for guidance on available options under § 5.
General guidance for tenants — not legal advice for your specific situation. Consult a tenant-rights organization or attorney for advice on your case.
Generated October 26, 2026 — auto-generated, not yet human-reviewed. See /transparency for methodology.
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