HUD Handbook 4350.3 § 2-6
Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (HUD Occupancy Handbook 4350.3 REV-1 CHG-4)
Operative Text
A. Title VI prohibits all recipients of federal financial assistance from discriminating
based on race, color, or national origin. Title VI applies to any program or activity
receiving federal financial assistance, not just housing. Each federal agency has
its own Title VI regulations. Thus, owners must remember that if they receive
funds from any other federal agency, they will be subject to those agencies’ Title VI
rules, in addition to HUD’s Title VI regulations, which are found at 24 CFR, part 1.
B. In housing, Title VI and the Fair Housing Act apply to many of the same types of
activities. However, HUD has broader investigative authority in complaints
related to violations of Title VI and the authority to impose different types of
remedies than it does in cases involving violations of the Fair Housing Act.
C. Title VI regulations require that recipients have an affirmative obligation to take
reasonable steps to remove or overcome any discriminatory practice or usage
that subjects individuals to discrimination based on race, color, or national origin.
The regulations also require that, even in the absence of prior discrimination,
recipients should take affirmative steps to overcome the effects of conditions that
results in limiting participation by persons of a particular race, color, or national
origin.
D. Title VI regulations also require that owners maintain racial and ethnic data
showing the extent to which members of minority groups are beneficiaries of
federal financial assistance.Section 2-6 of HUD Handbook 4350.3 REV-1 CHG-4 explains that Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 bars any recipient of federal financial assistance from discriminating on the basis of race, color, or national origin across all programs and activities, not just housing. Beyond simply avoiding discriminatory acts, the rule imposes an affirmative obligation on recipients to take reasonable steps to remove discriminatory practices and to address conditions that limit participation by members of particular racial or ethnic groups, even when no prior discrimination has occurred. HUD holds broader investigative and remedial authority under Title VI than it does under the Fair Housing Act, and recipients who draw funds from multiple federal agencies are subject to each relevant agency's Title VI rules in addition to HUD's regulations at 24 CFR Part 1.
Plain English — not legal advice.
Under HUD Handbook 4350.3 REV-1 CHG-4 § 2-6, operators receiving federal financial assistance generally maintain policies and practices that affirmatively address any conditions limiting participation by persons of a particular race, color, or national origin—not merely refrain from overt discrimination. Compliant operators also collect and retain racial and ethnic data demonstrating the extent to which minority group members benefit from federally assisted programs, as the regulations explicitly require this recordkeeping. Owners who receive funding from federal agencies beyond HUD should review each agency's own Title VI regulations, since multiple sets of rules may apply simultaneously alongside HUD's regulations at 24 CFR Part 1.
General guidance for property managers — not legal advice for your specific situation. Consult an attorney for advice on your case.
HUD Handbook 4350.3 REV-1 CHG-4 § 2-6 reflects that tenants in federally assisted housing have protections against discrimination based on race, color, or national origin under Title VI, and that property owners bear an affirmative duty to address practices or conditions that limit participation by minority groups. HUD has broad investigative authority over Title VI complaints and can impose a range of remedies that differ from those available under the Fair Housing Act, which may be relevant when considering how to raise a concern. Tenants who believe a federally assisted housing provider has violated these obligations can explore filing a complaint with HUD, contacting a local tenant-rights organization, or consulting an attorney familiar with civil rights and fair housing law.
General guidance for tenants — not legal advice for your specific situation. Consult a tenant-rights organization or attorney for advice on your case.
Generated September 25, 2026 — auto-generated, not yet human-reviewed. See /transparency for methodology.
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