Cal. Civ. Code § 952

Findings and Declaration of Policy

In Force
Verified 10/26/2026 · Next check 11/25/2026
effective 10/9/2026PennsylvaniaProtected Classes (State/Local)

Operative Text

Cal. Civ. Code § 952
(a) The practice or policy of discrimination against individuals or groups by reason of
their race, color, familial status, religious creed, ancestry, age, sex, national
origin, handicap or disability, use of guide or support animals because of the blindness,
deafness or physical handicap of the user or because the user is a handler or trainer
of support or guide animals is a matter of concern of the Commonwealth. Such discrimination
foments domestic strife and unrest, threatens the rights and privileges of the inhabitants
of the Commonwealth, and undermines the foundations of a free democratic state. The
denial of equal employment, housing and public accommodation opportunities because
of such discrimination, and the consequent failure to utilize the productive capacities
of individuals to their fullest extent, deprives large segments of the population
of the Commonwealth of earnings necessary to maintain decent standards of living,
necessitates their resort to public relief and intensifies group conflicts, thereby
resulting in grave injury to the public health and welfare, compels many individuals
to live in dwellings which are substandard, unhealthful and overcrowded, resulting
in racial segregation in public schools and other community facilities, juvenile delinquency
and other evils, thereby threatening the peace, health, safety and general welfare
of the Commonwealth and its inhabitants.
(b) It is hereby declared to be the public policy of this Commonwealth to foster the employment
of all individuals in accordance with their fullest capacities regardless of their
race, color, religious creed, ancestry, age, sex, national origin, handicap or disability,
use of guide or support animals because of the blindness, deafness or physical handicap
of the user or because the user is a handler or trainer of support or guide animals,
and to safeguard their right to obtain and hold employment without such discrimination,
to assure equal opportunities to all individuals and to safeguard their rights to
public accommodation and to secure housing accommodation and commercial property regardless
of race, color, familial status, religious creed, ancestry, age, sex, national origin,
handicap or disability, use of guide or support animals because of blindness or deafness
of the user or because the user is a handler or trainer of guide or support animals.
(c) This act shall be deemed an exercise of the police power of the Commonwealth for the
protection of the public welfare, prosperity, health and peace of the people of the
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
Source: Legislative text reproduced verbatim
Plain English

Section 43 P.S. § 952 establishes Pennsylvania's foundational policy against discrimination in housing, employment, and public accommodations based on characteristics such as race, color, sex, age, religion, ancestry, national origin, familial status, disability, and the use of guide or support animals. The provision declares that such discrimination harms the broader public welfare by limiting economic opportunity, contributing to substandard living conditions, and undermining social stability. It frames the Commonwealth's anti-discrimination law as an exercise of its police power, meaning the state has a recognized governmental interest in actively preventing and remedying discriminatory practices.

Written by anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.6 · Reviewed on October 10, 2026

Plain English — not legal advice.

For Property Managers

Property owners and managers operating in Pennsylvania should understand that 43 P.S. § 952 sets the foundational policy underlying the state's entire fair housing framework, covering a broad range of protected characteristics including familial status, disability, and use of guide or support animals. Compliant operators generally maintain rental policies, advertising practices, and tenant-selection criteria that do not distinguish among applicants on the basis of any characteristic identified in this provision. Because this section informs how courts and agencies interpret the rest of Pennsylvania's Human Relations Act, housing professionals often review their practices against this broad policy statement when evaluating compliance.

General guidance for property managers — not legal advice for your specific situation. Consult an attorney for advice on your case.

For Tenants

Under 43 P.S. § 952, Pennsylvania has declared it a matter of public policy that all residents have the right to secure housing without facing discrimination based on characteristics such as race, familial status, disability, or use of a guide or support animal, among others. Tenants who believe they have experienced housing discrimination rooted in any of these protected characteristics may have grounds to pursue a complaint under the Pennsylvania Human Relations Act, which this provision anchors. General enforcement paths can include filing a complaint with the Pennsylvania Human Relations Commission or consulting a tenant-rights organization familiar with state fair housing law.

General guidance for tenants — not legal advice for your specific situation. Consult a tenant-rights organization or attorney for advice on your case.

Generated October 10, 2026 — auto-generated, not yet human-reviewed. See /transparency for methodology.

Effective Timeline

Current
Oct 9, 2026
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Related Rules

§ 1
Definitions
§ 3
Functions, powers and duties of commission
§ 4
Unlawful practices

Source Information