Stamford, Conn., Code of Ordinances ch. 146 § 146-1

Definitions

In Force
Verified 11/11/2026 · Next check 12/11/2026
StamfordHabitability & Repair

Operative Text

Stamford, Conn., Code of Ordinances ch. 146 § 146-1
A. Whenever the words "dwelling," "dwelling unit," "rooming house," "rooming unit," "hotel," "hotel unit," "premises" and "structure" are used in this chapter, they shall be construed as if they were followed by the words "or any part thereof."
B. Except as otherwise provided, the following definitions shall apply in the interpretation and enforcement of this chapter:
Accessory structure. A detached structure which is not used or intended to be used for living or sleeping by human occupants and which is located on the same premises with a dwelling.
Approved. Approved by the local or state authority having administrative authority.
Attic. Any story situated wholly or partly within the roof, so designed, arranged or built as to be used for business, storage or habitation.
Basement. A portion of a building located partly underground but having less than half its clear floor-to-ceiling height below the average grade of the adjoining ground.
Cellar. A portion of a building located partly or wholly underground and having half or more than half of its clear floor-to-ceiling height below the average grade of the adjoining ground.
Director of health. The legally designated health authority of the city or his authorized representative.
Dwelling. Any enclosed space which is wholly or partly used or arranged or designed to be used for living or sleeping by human occupants; provided that temporary housing as hereinafter defined shall not be regarded as a "dwelling."
Dwelling unit. Any room or group of rooms located within a dwelling and forming a single habitable unit with facilities which are used, arranged or designed to be occupied for living, sleeping, cooking and eating.
Egress. A place or means of going out, as defined by the ordinances, statutes and regulations of the city and the state.
Extermination. The control and elimination of insects, rodents or other pests by eliminating their harborage places; by removing or making inaccessible materials that may serve as food; by poisoning, spraying, fumigating, trapping or by any other recognized and legal pest elimination methods approved by the Director of Health.
Family. One (1) adult person plus one (1) or more persons who are legally related to said person and residing in the same dwelling unit with said person.
Garbage. The animal and vegetable waste resulting from the handling, preparation, cooking and consumption of food.
Guest. Any person who shares a dwelling unit on a nonpermanent status for not more than thirty (30) days.
Habitable room. A room or enclosed floor space used or intended to be used for living, sleeping, cooking or eating purposes, excluding bathrooms, water closet compartments, laundries, pantries, foyers or communicating corridors, closet and storage spaces, furnace rooms, kitchenettes and utility rooms, stairways and workshops, hobby and recreation areas in unsealed or uninsulated parts of a structure below ground level or in attics.
Health officer. The Director of Health of the city or his authorized representative.
Heated water. Water heated to a temperature of no less than one hundred forty degrees Fahrenheit (140° F.).
Heating facility. All equipment, facilities and plumbing necessary to produce heat and/or hot water and deliver same to all habitable space in and around a dwelling unit. [Added 1-8-79 by Ord. No. 386]
Hotel. A commercial establishment offering lodging and food and/or drink to transient guests, including but not limited to motels, boatels and apartment hotels.
Hotel unit. A room or group of rooms located within a hotel and forming a single habitable unit used or intended to be used for living and sleeping but not for cooking or eating purposes. For the purposes of this chapter, an efficiency unit equipped with cooking facilities shall also be considered a "hotel unit."
Household. A family and/or one (1) or more unrelated persons, including servants who share the same dwelling and use some or all of its cooking and eating facilities.
Infestation. The presence, within or around a dwelling, of any insects, rodents or other pests.
Kitchen. Any room containing any or all of the following equipment, or area of a room within three (3) feet of such equipment: sink and/or other device for dishwashing; stove or equivalent device for cooking; refrigerator or equivalent device for cool storage of food; cabinets and/or shelves for storage of equipment and utensils; and counter or table for food preparation.
Kitchenette. A small kitchen or an alcove containing cooking facilities.
Multiple dwelling. Any dwelling containing three (3) or more dwelling units. Attached or row housing shall be considered a "multiple dwelling" whenever three (3) contiguous dwelling units are owned by the same person.
Occupant. Any person over one (1) year of age living, sleeping, cooking or eating in or having actual possession of a dwelling unit, rooming unit or hotel unit, except that in dwelling units a guest will not be considered an "occupant." For the purpose of consenting to an inspection and/or receiving notices relating thereto, a minor shall not be considered an "occupant."
Operator. Any person who has charge, care or control of a building or part thereof in which dwelling units, rooming units or hotel units are let.
Ordinary summer conditions. A temperature of ten degrees Fahrenheit (10° F.) below the highest recorded temperature in the locality for the prior ten-year period.
Owner. Any person who, alone or jointly or severally with others: (1)
Shall have legal or equitable title to any dwelling, dwelling unit, rooming house, rooming unit, hotel or hotel unit with or without accompanying actual possession thereof; or
(2) Shall have charge, care or control of any dwelling, dwelling unit, rooming house, rooming unit, hotel or hotel unit, as owner or authorized agent of the owner, or as executor, executrix, administrator, administratrix, trustee or guardian of the estate of the owner.
Any such person thus representing the actual "owner" shall be bound to comply with the provisions of this chapter and the rules and regulations adopted pursuant thereto to the same extent as if he were the "owner."
Permissible occupancy. The maximum number of persons permitted as family or household to reside in a dwelling unit, rooming unit or hotel unit based on the square foot per person in habitable rooms.
Person. (See § 1-12 )
Plumbing. All of the following supplied facilities and equipment: gas pipes, gas-burning equipment, water pipes, garbage disposal units, waste pipes, water closets, sinks, installed dishwashers, lavatories, bathtubs, shower baths, installed clothes-washing machines, catch basins, drains, vents and any other similar supplied fixture, together with all connections to water, sewer or gas lines.
Premises. A platted lot or part thereof or unplatted lot or parcel of land or plot of land, either occupied or unoccupied by any dwelling or nondwelling structure, and includes any such building, accessory structure or other structure thereon.
Privacy. The ability of a person to carry out an activity without interruption or interference by unwanted persons.
Refuse. All putrescible and nonputrescible solids (except body wastes), including garbage, rubbish, ashes and dead animals.
Rooming house. Any dwelling or that part of any dwelling containing one (1) or more rooming units and/or one (1) or more dormitory rooms in which space is let by the owner or operator to one (1) or more persons who are not husband or wife, son or daughter, mother or father or sister or brother of the owner or operator.
Rooming unit. Any room or group of rooms forming a single habitable unit used or intended to be used primarily for living and sleeping and which does not contain separate cooking facilities for individual occupants.
Rubbish. Combustible and noncombustible waste materials, except garbage; and the term shall include the residue from the burning of wood, coal, coke and other combustible material, paper, plastic containers, rags, cartons, boxes, wood, excelsior, rubber, leather, tree branches, yard trimmings, tin cans, metals, mineral matter, glass, crockery and dust.
Safety. The condition of being free from danger and hazards which may cause accidents or disease.
Septic tank. A receptacle usually underground to which sewage is drained and retained to effect disintegration of the organic matter by bacteria.
Space heater. A self-contained, automatically controlled, vented fuel-burning appliance of either the circulating type or the radiant type.
Supplied. Paid for, furnished or provided by or under the control of the owner or operator.
Temporary housing. Any tent, trailer, mobile home or any other structure used for human shelter which is designed to be transportable and which is not attached to the ground, to another structure or to any utility system on the same premises for more than thirty (30) consecutive days.
Water under pressure. Pressure sufficient to supply at least one (1) gallon per minute from each outlet.
Source: Legislative text reproduced verbatim
Plain English

Section 146-1 of the Stamford Code of Ordinances establishes the foundational vocabulary used throughout Chapter 146, the city's housing and property maintenance code. Each defined term — from "dwelling unit" and "rooming house" to "occupant," "operator," and "owner" — carries a specific legal meaning that governs how the rest of the chapter is interpreted and enforced. Notably, key structural terms like "dwelling" and "premises" are construed to include any part of those spaces, broadening the chapter's reach. These definitions set the boundaries of who is covered, what spaces are regulated, and which responsibilities attach to which parties.

Written by anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.6 · Reviewed on November 11, 2026

Plain English — not legal advice.

For Property Managers

Under § 146-1, property owners and operators are defined broadly: anyone holding legal or equitable title, or exercising charge, care, or control over a dwelling, is bound by Chapter 146's requirements to the same extent as the actual owner. Compliant operators generally ensure they understand which of their spaces qualify as "dwelling units," "rooming units," or "hotel units" under these definitions, since those classifications determine applicable standards. Knowing the distinction between terms like "basement" and "cellar," or "kitchen" and "kitchenette," helps operators apply the correct maintenance and habitability rules to each part of their property.

General guidance for property managers — not legal advice for your specific situation. Consult an attorney for advice on your case.

For Tenants

Section 146-1 shapes tenant rights throughout Chapter 146 by defining who counts as an "occupant" and what spaces are protected as habitable. For example, the definition of "occupant" clarifies that guests staying fewer than thirty days are not considered occupants in a dwelling unit, which can affect notice rights and inspection consent. Tenants who believe conditions in their unit fall under Chapter 146's protections — based on how their space is defined here — may find it useful to consult a tenant-rights organization or contact the city's Director of Health, who is identified in § 146-1 as the local enforcement authority.

General guidance for tenants — not legal advice for your specific situation. Consult a tenant-rights organization or attorney for advice on your case.

Generated November 11, 2026 — auto-generated, not yet human-reviewed. See /transparency for methodology.

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Related Rules

§ 146-30
Tenement House Operating Fund
§ 22-11-18-5.5
Violation by landlord; offenses
§ 748-38
Recovery of expenses

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