Hartford, Conn., Mun. Code ch. 18 § 18-3

Definitions (Hartford Housing Code and Rental Licensing Program)

In Force
Verified 9/17/2026 · Next check 12/16/2026
HartfordInspections, Registration & Licensing

Operative Text

Hartford, Conn., Mun. Code ch. 18 § 18-3
A. Whenever the words "building," "dwelling," "dwelling unit," "rooming house," "rooming unit," "hotel," "hotel unit," "premises," and "structure" are used in this chapter, they shall be construed as if they were followed by the words "or any part thereof."
B. Except as otherwise provided, the following definitions shall apply in the interpretation and enforcement of this chapter:
Accessory structure means a detached structure (including a building) detached from, but located on the same lot as, a principal structure.
Approved means approved by the local or state authority having administrative authority.
Attic means any story situated wholly or partly within the roof, so designed, arranged or built as to be used for business, storage, or to the extent allowed by the building code habitation.
Authorized agent means an executor, executrix, administrator, administratrix, trustee, conservator, or guardian of the estate, or other individual or entity who is legally authorized to serve as the agent of an owner through a written, executed, unrevoked power of attorney, court order, or other document type acceptable to the director of licenses and inspections, and who is legally bound, through such document, to comply with the provisions of this chapter and the rules and regulations adopted pursuant thereto to the same extent as if he or she were the owner.
Basement means a story of a building located partly underground and having at least half of its height above the level of the grade.
Bathroom means a room or group of connected rooms, containing the equipment, fixtures, and materials identified in section 18-51 G. of this code.
Bed and breakfast has the definition in the zoning regulations
Cellar means a story of a building located partly or wholly underground and having half or more of its height below the level of the grade.
Director of health means the legally designated health authority of the city or his or her designee.
Director of licenses and inspections means the individual leading the office of the division of licenses and inspections within the city department of development services, or such successor agency or subagency, and any designee of such individual.
Dwelling means any enclosed space, other than a group living dwelling, hotel, or rooming house, which is wholly or partly used or arranged or designed to be used for living or sleeping by human occupants.
Dwelling unit means any room or group of rooms connected together that include a bathroom and facilities for living, sleeping, cooking, and eating that are arranged, designed, or intended to be used as living quarters for one (1) household, regardless of form of ownership in which such dwelling unit is held or whether such dwelling unit is used for short-term rentals or long-term rentals. Dwelling units include efficiency/micro units, condominium units rented for residential use.
Efficiency or micro unit has the definition in the zoning regulations.
Egress means a place or means of going out, as defined by the ordinances, statutes, and regulations of the city and the state.
Extermination means the control and elimination of insects, rodents or other pests by eliminating their harborage places; by removing or making inaccessible materials that may serve as food: by poisoning, spraying, fumigating, trapping, or by any other recognized and legal pest elimination methods approved by the director of health; and exterminate means the act of extermination.
Group living has the definition in the zoning regulations.
Group living for health reasons has the definition in the zoning regulations, as revised and amended from time to time, and also includes rehabilitation homes (as defined in and regulated by prior city ordinance section 30-1. Namely, "a dwelling housing a group of persons during a period in which such persons are being housed for periods of more than one (1) day for the purpose of undertaking a program of social rehabilitation or other similar programs, and not required to be licensed by the state as a child care facility pursuant to G.S. § 17-48, or as an institution (hospital, home for the aged, nursing home or rest home) pursuant to G.S. §§ 19a-490 through 19a-503") that as of August 1, 2019 have a valid license from the city for a rehabilitation home.
Group living dwelling means a dwelling that is used as group living, group living for health reasons, residential care, or temporary shelter facility.
Group living unit is any room or group of rooms connected together, intended for living by a person or persons who do not constitute a household, and which does not have a kitchen, and is located within a group living dwelling.
Guest means any person who occupies a housing unit at no charge for rent or occupancy on a nonpermanent status for not more than thirty (30) days.
Habitable room means a room or enclosed floor space used or intended to be used for living, sleeping, cooking or eating purposes, excluding bathrooms, water closet compartments, laundries, pantries, foyers or communicating corridors, closet and storage spaces, furnace rooms, kitchenettes and utility rooms, stairways and workshops, and hobby and recreation areas in unsealed or uninsulated parts of a structure below ground level or in attics.
Heated water means water heated to a temperature of no less than one hundred twenty degrees Fahrenheit (120° F.).
Heating facility means all equipment, facilities and plumbing necessary to produce heat or hot water or both and deliver same to all habitable space in and around a dwelling unit.
Hotel means a commercial establishment offering temporary lodging to transient guests, including but not limited to bed and breakfasts, motels, apartment hotels, and fraternal clubs.
Hotel unit means a room or group of rooms located within a hotel and forming a single habitable unit used or intended to be used primarily for living and sleeping but not primarily for cooking or eating purposes.
Housing means dwelling, group living dwelling, hotel, or rooming house, and the premises of such dwelling, group living dwelling, hotel, or rooming house, except where the word "housing" is used as an adjective immediately before another noun, where the context would suggest a more limited definition.
Housing unit means a dwelling unit, group living unit, hotel unit, or rooming unit.
Household has the definition of household in the zoning regulations.
Infestation means the presence, within or around a dwelling, of any insects, rodents or other pests.
Insect means unwanted members of the class insecta, including but not limited to houseflies, lice, bees, cockroaches, moths, silverfish, beetles, bedbugs, ants, termites, hornets, mosquitos, and wasps, and such unwanted members of the phylum arthropoda as spiders, mites, ticks, centipedes, and wood lice.
Kitchen means a room used for food preparation and storage and containing the equipment, fixtures, and materials identified in section 18-51 G. of this code.
Kitchenette means a small kitchen or an alcove containing cooking facilities.
Lead statute means the State Lead Poisoning Prevention and Control Act, G.S. §§ 19a-111-1--19a-111-11, and all accompanying rules and regulations.
Long-term rental has the meaning in the zoning regulations.
Multi-unit dwelling means any dwelling containing two (2) or more dwelling units, including two-unit dwellings and three-unit dwellings. Attached or row buildings shall be considered a multi-unit dwelling if two (2) contiguous dwelling units in one (1) or more buildings are owned by the same person.
Occupant means any person over one (1) year of age living, sleeping, cooking, eating in, or having actual possession of, a housing unit, except that in dwelling units, a guest will not be considered an occupant.
One-unit dwelling means a dwelling containing one (1) dwelling unit, without any other dwelling units located on the same lot.
Operator means any person who has charge, care or control of a building or part thereof in which housing units are let.
Ordinary summer conditions means an outdoor temperature of ten (10) degrees Fahrenheit (10° F) below the highest recorded temperature in the locality for the prior ten-year period.
Owner means any person who, alone or jointly or severally with others shall have legal or equitable title to any housing or housing unit with or without accompanying actual possession thereof, provided that an owner shall include an authorized agent.
Permissible occupancy means the maximum number of persons permitted to reside in a housing unit.
Plumbing means all of the following supplied facilities and equipment: gas pipes, gas-burning equipment, water pipes, garbage disposal units, waste pipes, water closets, sinks, faucets, installed dishwashers, lavatories, bathtubs, shower baths, installed clothes-washing machines, catch basins, drains, vents and any other similar supplied fixture, together with all connections to water, sewer, or gas lines.
Premises means a platted lot or part thereof or unplatted lot or parcel of land or plot of land, either occupied or unoccupied by any dwelling or nondwelling structure, and includes any such building, accessory structure, or other structure thereon.
Privacy means the ability of a person to carry out an activity without interruption, observation, or interference by unwanted persons.
Residential care has the meaning in the zoning regulations.
Rooming house means any dwelling or that part of any dwelling containing one (1) or more rooming units in which space is let by the owner or operator to three (3) but no more than six (6) persons, or any dwelling that as of August 1, 2019, has a valid license from the city for a rooming house. Rooming houses include boarding houses as defined in the zoning regulations.
Rooming unit means a room or group of rooms designed for living and sleeping which may or may not have a bathroom and does not have a kitchen.
Rubbish means combustible and noncombustible waste materials, and the term shall include the animal and vegetable waste resulting from the handling, preparation, cooking, and consumption of food; residue from the burning of wood, coal, coke, and other combustible material; paper; plastic containers; rags; cartons; boxes; wood; excelsior; rubber; leather; tree branches; yard trimmings; tin cans; metals; mineral matter; glass; crockery; and dust.
Safety means the condition of being free from danger and hazards which may cause accidents, fire, or disease, resulting in injury or death.
Short-term rental has the meaning in the zoning regulations.
Space heater means a self-contained, automatically controlled, electric or vented fuel-burning appliance of either the circulating type or the radiant type.
Supplied means paid for, furnished or provided by or under the control of the owner or operator.
Temporary housing means any tent, trailer, mobile home, or any other structure used for human shelter which is designed to be transportable and which is not attached to the ground, to another structure, or to any utility system on the same premises for more than thirty (30) consecutive days.
Temporary shelter facility has the meaning in the zoning regulations.
Three-unit dwelling means a dwelling containing three (3) dwelling units.
Two-unit dwelling means a dwelling containing two (2) dwelling units.
Valid means current, unrevoked, and duly-issued by the appropriate authority.
Visible mold means mold in an amount greater than ten (10) square feet, which is readily identifiable by visual inspection, including mold that is behind furniture or other interior obstructions but excluding mildew on tile or grout.
Water under pressure means pressure sufficient to supply at least one (1) gallon per minute from each outlet.
Zoning regulations means the zoning regulations for the city of Hartford, as adopted by the planning and zoning commission, and as amended from time to time.
Source: Legislative text reproduced verbatim
Plain English

Hartford, Conn., Mun. Code ch. 18 § 18-3 establishes the foundational vocabulary used throughout Chapter 18 of Hartford's municipal housing code. Terms such as "dwelling unit," "owner," "operator," "occupant," "housing," and "visible mold" are given precise meanings that govern how the rest of the chapter is interpreted and enforced. Notably, the definitions extend many terms—like "building" or "premises"—to cover any part of those structures, and they incorporate cross-references to Hartford's zoning regulations for terms such as "household," "short-term rental," and "group living."

Written by anthropic/claude-sonnet-4.6 · Reviewed on September 17, 2026

Plain English — not legal advice.

For Property Managers

Property owners and managers operating in Hartford should familiarize themselves with the definitions set out in Hartford, Conn., Mun. Code ch. 18 § 18-3, because these terms shape compliance obligations throughout the entire housing chapter. For example, the definition of "owner" expressly includes authorized agents, meaning that a property manager acting under a valid power of attorney carries the same legal responsibilities as the titleholder. Compliant operators typically ensure that any agent or representative is documented in a manner acceptable to the Director of Licenses and Inspections, as required by the authorized-agent definition in § 18-3.

General guidance for property managers — not legal advice for your specific situation. Consult an attorney for advice on your case.

For Tenants

Tenants in Hartford benefit from understanding that the definitions in Hartford, Conn., Mun. Code ch. 18 § 18-3 determine who qualifies as an "owner" or "operator" responsible for maintaining a housing unit, and what spaces count as habitable rooms or dwelling units. For instance, the definition of "visible mold" (mold exceeding ten square feet) and the broad scope of "premises" can be relevant when identifying what conditions a landlord is obligated to address under the chapter. Tenants who believe conditions in their unit fall under these defined terms may consider contacting the city's Division of Licenses and Inspections or a local tenant-rights organization to understand available options.

General guidance for tenants — not legal advice for your specific situation. Consult a tenant-rights organization or attorney for advice on your case.

Generated September 17, 2026 — auto-generated, not yet human-reviewed. See /transparency for methodology.

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Related Rules

§ 14.544
LICENSE REQUIREMENTS
§ 14.545
STANDARDS FOR HEALTH, SAFETY AND NUISANCE PREVENTION
§ 14.546
SANCTIONS AND PENALTIES

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