Bristol, Conn., Code of Ordinances ch. 12 § 12-137
Declaration of unfit dwellings
Operative Text
(a) The director of health shall declare any premises unfit for human habitation when any of the following defects or conditions is found and when in the director's judgment such defect creates a hazard to the health, safety or welfare of the occupants or of the public: (1) Any premises which is damaged, decayed, dilapidated, unsanitary, unsafe and/or vermin-infested and/or contains hazardous levels of lead-based paint or other substance. (2) Any premises which lacks basic illumination, ventilation, plumbing, electrical, heating or required sanitation facilities. (3) The general condition of the premises is unsanitary, unsafe and/or unhealthful. (4) Any premises which is in violation of sections 12-41 (b), 12-62 (a), 12-63 or 12-104 (b) of this Code. (b) Whenever any premises has been designated as unfit for human habitation, the director of health shall placard the premises indicating that it is unfit for human habitation and, if occupied, shall order such premises vacated within a reasonable time, said time to be not less than twenty-four (24) hours nor more than ten (10) days. This section shall not restrict any action of the director of health in vacating such premises if acting under section 12-140 of this code. (c) Whenever any tenant in any premises is displaced as the result of the enforcement of this code against the owner, the owner of such building, dwelling, dwelling unit or structure shall be liable for any payments made by the town to any displaced tenant pursuant to Chapter 135 of the General Statutes. The director of health may place a lien on any real property owned by such owner to secure repayment to the town of such payments, such lien having the same priority as and shall be filed, enforced and discharged in the same manner as a lien for municipal taxes under Chapter 205 of the Connecticut General Statutes. If any owner fails to reimburse the town for any payments which the town has made to any displaced tenant and for which the landlord is liable, the town may bring civil action against such owner in superior court for the recovery of such payments and for the costs of the town, together with reasonable attorney's fees, in bringing such action. (d) Whenever any premises has been placarded and vacated, the director of health may order services and utilities to be turned off or disconnected and all utility meters to be removed. All charges for discontinuance or restoration of such services and utilities shall be the owner's or tenant's expense. (e) For any premises which has been designated as unfit for human habitation and vacated, it shall be the duty of the owner to close all windows, doors and other openings by suitable means so that unauthorized use or access into the premises is prevented. (f) No premises which has been designated as unfit for human habitation, has been placarded as such and vacated shall be used again for human habitation until written approval is secured from the director of health and the placard removed by the director of health. (g) The director of health shall rescind the designation as unfit for human habitation and remove the placard when the defect or condition upon which such designation and placarding was based has been removed or eliminated and the premises is deemed by the director of health as safe, sanitary and a fit place for human habitation. (h) No person shall deface or remove the placard from any premises which has been designated as unfit for human habitation and has been placarded as such, except as provided in subsection (f). (i) Whenever any premises has been designated as unfit for human habitation, such order shall be filed with the Bristol Town and City Clerk for inclusion in the land records of the town. (j) Any person affected by any decision of the director of health or by any designation or placarding of a premises as unfit for human habitation shall upon request be granted a hearing on the matter before the housing code appeals board under the procedure set forth in section 12-139 of this code. However, such appeal will not stay the designation or placarding of a premises as unfit for human habitation and the actions required by such order.
Bristol Code of Ordinances ch. 12, art. VIII § 12-137 establishes the process by which the Director of Health may officially declare a dwelling unfit for human habitation. Qualifying conditions include structural decay, vermin infestation, hazardous lead paint, or the absence of basic utilities and sanitation. Once declared unfit, the premises must be vacated, placarded, and recorded with the Town Clerk, and cannot be reoccupied until the Director of Health formally lifts the designation in writing.
Plain English — not legal advice.
Under § 12-137, a property owner whose building is declared unfit for human habitation faces significant obligations: the premises must be vacated, secured against unauthorized entry, and all utility disconnection and restoration costs fall to the owner. If the town makes displacement payments to tenants on the owner's behalf, the owner is liable for reimbursement, and the town may place a lien on the owner's real property or pursue civil action in superior court to recover those costs. Compliant operators address cited defects promptly and obtain written approval from the Director of Health before allowing reoccupancy.
General guidance for property managers — not legal advice for your specific situation. Consult an attorney for advice on your case.
Section 12-137 gives tenants important protections when a dwelling is declared unfit: if you are displaced because of code enforcement against your landlord, the town may make payments on your behalf, and the landlord is legally liable to reimburse those costs. The designation is recorded in public land records, and the placard cannot legally be removed except by the Director of Health. Any person affected by an unfit-for-habitation decision may request a hearing before the Housing Code Appeals Board under § 12-139, and tenant-rights organizations can help you understand available options.
General guidance for tenants — not legal advice for your specific situation. Consult a tenant-rights organization or attorney for advice on your case.
Generated November 11, 2026 — auto-generated, not yet human-reviewed. See /transparency for methodology.
Effective Timeline
References Out
Rules and statutes cited by this regulation
References In
Rules and statutes that cite this regulation
Related Rules
Source Information
Use this in your app
Access this data programmatically via our API